Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg Exercises
Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg
Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg Pain
Medial Rectus Definition
Medial Rectus Muscle Function

The medial rectus is a muscle located in the eye socket. This muscle works within a sort of pulley-system and, along with other extraocular muscles, helps to control certain movements of the eye. The role of the medial rectus in eye movement is that of adduction. That is to say, the eye moves in an inward direction, as toward the nose. Several medical conditions have the potential to compromise the function of this important muscle of the eye.

The nerve supply to the medial rectus muscle is provided by the oculomotor nerve, also referred to as the third cranial nerve. While working to control the majority of the movements of the eye itself, this nerve provides other functions as well. The oculomotor nerve is also responsible for holding the eyelid in an open position in addition to constricting the pupil.

Medial rectus palsy is a medical condition known to have an adverse effect on the medial rectus muscle. This condition occurs frequently when there has been a traumatic brain injury. The damage to the oculomotor nerve causes nerve and sometimes muscle paralysis. Improper eye movement and double vision are typical symptoms of this condition. Medications are sometimes helpful in alleviating troubling symptoms, although surgical intervention is sometimes necessary.

Esotropia is another condition affecting the medial rectus muscle. In this condition, the patient exhibits what is commonly referred to as a squint. What this means is that the eye, or sometimes both eyes, turn in an inward position. This is commonly known as being cross-eyed. A surgical procedure called medial rectus recession is often employed in an attempt to correct this condition.

Medial wall fractures sometimes occur when there has been some sort of facial trauma. This type of fracture is another common cause of damage to the medial rectus muscle. The orbital floor is normally affected along with the medial wall itself. Swelling and skin discoloration are often the only outward signs that this type of fracture has occurred. While symptoms sometimes resolve on their own, surgery is very often required.

An abnormal muscle thickness involving the medial rectus is sometimes found in a patient with Grave's Disease, although it can be present with no sign of disease. This condition causes pain as well as impaired vision. The use of medications such as eye drops along with the use of a humidifier is often enough to relieve troublesome symptoms in those with mild cases of this condition. Radiation or surgery are only necessary modes of treatment in rare cases which do not respond to more conservative treatments.

To investigate refractive changes after strabismus correction by combined recession of the Medial Rectus (MR) and Inferior Oblique (IO) muscles. We reviewed cases of combined MR and IO recession. Individuals with both preoperative refraction measurement and one month postoperative measurements were included. The inferior division of the oculomotor nerve branched into the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. The trochlear nerve ended on the orbital side of the posterior one.

(Redirected from Vasculature of orbit)

Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg Exercises

The superior rectus and inferior oblique muscles working together pull the eye upward without rotating the eye. To depress the eye while looking straight ahead, the inferior rectus and superior oblique contract together as the superior rectus and inferior oblique relax. Width inferior transfer of the medial rectus muscle. Inferior Oblique Overaction ETIOLOGY Inferior oblique overaction may be primary and of unknown etiology, or secondary to a congenital superior oblique palsy, as covered in Chapter 19. Primary inferior oblique overaction is commonly associated with congenital.

Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg

Residents and Fellows contest rules | International Ophthalmologists contest rules

Paul O. Phelps, MD, FACS, Alexander L. Ringeisen, MD, Michael T Yen, MD, Cat Nguyen Burkat, MD FACS

Assigned status Up to Date

by Paul O. Phelps, MD, FACS on December 13, 2020.

It is important for the oculoplastic surgeon, or anyone performing orbital surgery, to have a strong understanding vascular anatomy. While significant variability exists^[1], this article will detail the standard vascular anatomy of the human orbit.

Blood supply to the orbital arises primarily from the ophthalmic artery - the first branch off of the internal carotid as it emerges from the cavernous sinus on the medial side of the clinoid process. The ophthalmic artery has many branches which may be separated into 2 groups: *Orbital Group *Ocular Group

Orbital Group

Lacrimal artery: Runs along the lateral wall of the orbit and supplies the lacrimal gland. Terminal branches of the lacrimal artery include the superior and inferior lateral palpebral arteries which supply the lateral upper and lower eyelids and conjunctiva.
Supraorbital artery: In the orbit supplies the supeior rectus and levator palpebral muscles. It then passes through the supraorbital foramen and its terminal branches supply the eyebrow and forhead.
Anterior ethmoidal artery: In the orbit supplies the superior oblique muscle. Also supplies the anterior and middle ethmoidal cells, frontal sinus, lateral wall nose, and nasal septum.
Posterior ethmoidal artery: Passes through the posterior ethmoidal canal, supplying the posterior ethmoidal cells.
Internal palpebral artery: Terminal branches include superior and inferior medial palpebral arteries. These vessels supply the lacrimal sac and eyelids creating an anastomosis with the two lateral palpebral branches from the lacrimal artery.
Frontal artery: Leaves the orbit at its medial angle above the trochlea and supplies the forehead and scalp creating an anastomosis with the supraorbital artery terminal branches.
Nasal artery: Supplies the superior lacrimal sac and nose.

Ocular Group

Short ciliary artery: Supply the choroid and cilliary processes.
Long ciliary artery: Supply the anterior segment and form anastomoses/collateralization with extraocular muscles branches.
Central retinal artery: Branches off of the posterior 1/3 of the ophthalmmic artery and enters the dural sheath of the optic nerve about 13mm behind the globe. Supplies the retina.
Muscular arteries: Splits into superior and inferior branches. The superior branch supplies the levator palpebral muscle, superior rectus, superior oblique and a portion of the lateral rectus. The inferior branch supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique. This inferior branch also gives off most of the anterior ciliary arteries.

Note: Anastomoses to the periorbit are also formed via the facial and superficial temporal branches of the external carotid.

Medial Rectus And Inferior Oblique Dmg Pain

Orbital Veins